Moral Theology: Conscience and the Common Good

How do I find the right theology program for my career goals?

As with any degree program, there are lots of factors that will help you narrow down your theology program choices. Consider what you’d like to do professionally, then connect with people currently in those careers and ask them about the academic track that helped them get there. If you’re leaning toward one theological studies program over another, talk to faculty and alumni to see if the program helps students reach their career goals.

How much can I make with a Master of Theological Studies?

Career options with an MTS degree are extremely varied, with compensation ranging anywhere from unpaid volunteer work to over $150,000 a year. Therefore, it’s difficult to give average salary expectations for those who hold an MTS degree, but most degree holders will experience an increase in earnings by mid-career.

I am a layperson. Do I need to live a consecrated life to consider this degree?

No. Theological studies are generally of interest to religious individuals, but since theology is an inherently intellectual pursuit, anyone can benefit from an MTS program. Our students come from all walks of life, both lay and religious. Our Requirements Page gives more information about requirements for our degrees and non-degree programs.

Do I need a theology master’s degree to teach?

Most religious secondary schools require teachers to hold an MTS, and some community and Bible colleges consider this degree the minimum requirement for instructors. Elementary schools typically do not require an MTS to teach. If you desire to become a professor at the university level, you will need to earn your PhD in the applicable field.

What can I do with a Master of Theological Studies?

Graduates with an MTS degree go on to teach, participate in community ministry, counsel others, assist in their parish, or apply their degree to any number of secular professions. You will find FST alumni working as educators, pastoral ministers, priests, counselors, campus ministers, social workers, nonprofit leaders, chaplains, missionaries, school administrators, liturgists, youth ministers, doctoral students, faith formators, human rights advocates, musicians, program directors, and in many other fields.

How much is my tuition?

Tuition for the online MTS-FT program is $800 per unit.

With a total of 36 units, the full cost of tuition for the program is $28,800.

Tuition amounts shown on this website, or in other school publications or web pages, represent tuition and fees as currently approved. However, the Franciscan School of Theology reserves the right to increase or modify tuition and fees without prior notice and to make such modifications applicable to students enrolled at FST at that time as well as to incoming students. In addition, all tuition amounts and fees are subject to change at any time to correct errors. Please note that the displayed tuition covers only the cost of courses, and additional expenses such as books and other fees are not included.

How much is my tuition?

The cost for the Master of Theological Studies – Franciscan Theology is $800 per unit.

With 36 units the full cost of tuition is $28,800.

Tuition amounts shown on this website, or in other university publications or web pages, represent tuition and fees as currently approved. However, the Franciscan School of Theology reserves the right to increase or modify tuition and fees without prior notice and to make such modifications applicable to students enrolled at FST at that time as well as to incoming students. In addition, all tuition amounts and fees are subject to change at any time for correction of errors. Please note that the displayed tuition covers only the cost of courses, and additional expenses such as books and other fees are not included.

How much do campus ministers make?

Compensation is highly dependent on the size of the school or university, location, an individual’s own level of experience and education, and whether the position is full- or part-time. As of March 2023, the average salary for a campus minister in the U.S. was around $52,000, with a range from about $38,000 to $65,000.

Do secular colleges have campus ministers?

Yes. Campus ministers who work at secular colleges often have a broad understanding of major world religions, so as to serve students of any religious background. Many campus ministers can also provide impartial counseling or guidance to non-religious students.

Are all campus ministers Christians?

The word “minister” implies that a spiritual leader practices Christianity, though college campuses can employ rabbis, imams, and non-denominational spiritual leaders. A campus minister who works at a Christian school will likely be Christian themselves, though there may not be a preference for faith or denomination on secular campuses.

Does Franciscan theology incorporate eco-spirituality?

St. Francis of Assisi demonstrated his devotion to his faith through the material world, such as rebuilding a church and caring for the sick. Legend also tells of his many spiritual interactions with wildlife and the natural world. Today, followers of St. Francis embrace a love and respect for the natural world and demonstrate their spiritual devotion through caring acts of service. Members of the Franciscan orders often take a vow of poverty, renouncing worldly possessions to cultivate a Christ-centered life.

Is eco-spirituality related to paganism?

As with New Age religions, paganism contains elements of eco-spirituality, but eco-spirituality itself is not necessarily pagan. The word “pagan” was initially used in the Middle Ages to describe any non-Christian or polytheistic religion, but the modern understanding of the term is difficult to define. However, pagan religions of lore in general put a strong emphasis on nature and the material world. Pagan traditions that survive today include Wicca, druidism, and occultism.

Regarding Catholic eco-spirituality, Pope Francis specifically argues that Franciscan spirituality is not pagan pantheism. See the short video below:

Is eco-spirituality related to New Age religions?

While some New Age religions contain elements of eco-spirituality, someone who practices eco-spirituality does not necessarily practice a New Age religion. Elements of eco-spirituality are present in almost all world religions, new and ancient.

Can women be lay ministers?

Yes, women can be lay ministers. This is especially rewarding for women in the Catholic church, since only men can be ordained and hold leadership positions.

Do I need certification to practice lay ministry?

Formal certification is not necessary to practice all forms of lay ministry, but it depends on the specific role. Youth ministers, for example, may need to acquire certification in pedagogy and religious instruction specific to children, teens, or young adults. Most lay ministers in the Catholic church require at least approval by a bishop.

How long does lay ministry formation take?

The answer depends on the end goal. Some lay ministry roles, such as acolyte or greeter, may require formation lasting a number of weeks, while pastoral associates or religious education directors may need years of formation. With the guidance of their supervisors and diocesan bishops, aspiring lay ecclesial ministers can discern the needs of the local or parish community and plan their formation accordingly. The process does not necessarily have an end date — dedicated lay ministers may forever feel themselves growing through lifelong discernment and formation.

Do I need a degree to become a lay minister?

You do not need a specific degree to become a lay minister, although a bachelor’s or master’s degree in a related field can be valuable. Specifically, a Master of Arts in Ministry or a Master of Theological Studies can provide a practical and academic foundation for a successful ministry practice. Whether or not they have a degree, lay ministry candidates will need to take formative classes, complete a certification, or engage in one-on-one mentorship, depending on their parish or diocese.

How do I start living a Catholic minimalist lifestyle?

Start simply by donating goods, acquiring only what you need, and reading the works of Catholic minimalists. Recognize the difference between “want” and “need.” Practice setting aside time each day for quiet contemplation. Take walks in nature to appreciate God’s gifts. If you find yourself with questions, consider connecting to a Franciscan order or institution to learn more.

What are some examples of Catholic minimalism today?

Intentional minimalism can be observed in the lived experience of many people, including those in Catholic religious orders such as the Franciscans (the Order of Friars Minor) and the Poor Clares (the Order of St. Clare). These orders practice communal living and share everything they own. Outside of religious vocation, secular Franciscans follow St. Francis’ lead in prizing spiritual gifts above all others. A broad network of practitioners in the Franciscan way of life can be found in the Franciscan Federation.

Which saints practiced Catholic minimalism?

There is no shortage of saints who shunned worldly possessions to make space for God’s love. Examine the lives of St. Francis of Assisi, St. Clare of Assisi, and St. Benedict, who all promoted asceticism.

Where can I learn more about Catholic minimalism?

Your parish priest or a Franciscan order are good places to start. These teachers and scholars will be able to answer your questions and offer their advice, or recommend further reading. If you’d like to delve deeper into the history, theology, and philosophy of Catholic minimalism, consider an academic program like the Master of Theological Studies – Franciscan Theology at USD.

Do I need to buy books or resources to learn about minimalism?

No. You can practice minimalism with only what you have — starting with yourself. For those seeking to learn more about spiritual minimalism, it may be helpful to have access to the Bible or the writings of St. Francis, if only to find inspiration.

What is the difference between religious studies and theological studies?

While religious studies is usually a broad, objective exploration of world religions, theological studies approaches religion from within a specific faith. A theological studies degree program can prepare graduates to teach religion at a Catholic high school, for example, while a religious studies degree may provide a foundation for teaching a world religions class at a public school.

Can I enter the clergy with a religious studies degree?

A religious studies degree may provide an initial foundation for clergy work, but the degree is not designed to prepare graduates to be ordained. Those seeking ordination must typically earn a Master of Divinity.

Who hires graduates with a religious studies degree?

Many types of employers, both secular and religious, may prioritize job candidates who possess a religious studies degree. Potential employers include schools, churches, nonprofits, human services organizations, counseling or crisis centers, and more.

What can you do with a religious studies degree?

A religious studies degree does not lead to a specific career path, but there are a wide range of well-suited professional options. Graduates with religious studies degrees often become teachers, lecturers, researchers, activists, counselors, historians, or museum curators, among other professions.